PARLIAMENTARY OPPOSITION
Category: PoliticsOpposition is the name given in British politics to the party out of power whose aim is to criticise and, if possible, supplant the party in power. Opposition has a long history in the House of Commons. In the 17th century, opposition to the Stuart Kings was the function of a large majority of the House as a body. In its modern sense it dates back to 1828. Only when the cabinet system had made the majority the supporters of the government did the duty of the opposition devolve on the minority. The opposition is supported by half the electorate as the alternative government — its leaders are the shadow cabinet. An act of 1937 granted its leader a salary out of the consolidated funds. He also has a recognized place and precedence in both Houses.
Facing ministers sitting on the treasure bench, the leaders of the opposition direct criticism of government measures, legislative and administrative, from the point of view of the party policy which they have had the chief influence of formulating. The opposition whips see to it that this policy isjsupported by members of the party in debate and in the division lobbies.
The term “His/Her Majesty’s Opposition” unofficially used in ieference to the opposition was coined early in the 19th century.
(The Encyclopedia Britannica, Waverly Encyclopedia)