May Day in Great Britain
Category: Customs + FestivalsAs May 1st is not a public holiday in Great Britain, May Day celebrations are traditionally held on the Sunday following it, unless, of course, the 1st of May falls on a Sunday. On May Sunday workers march through the streets and hold meetings to voice their own demands and the demands of other progressive forces of the country. The issues involved may include demands for higher wages and better working conditions, protests against rising unemployment, demands for a change in the Government’s policy, etc.
In recent years, which have been marked by a deterioration in living standards, by the growth of unemployment and attempts to encroach upon the rights of trade unions (For example the introduction of the so-called Industrial Relations bill, which aims at the reduction of the power of organized action by the workers), workers downed tools and held demonstrations on the 1st of May as well, in addition to those held on May Sunday.
The material selected was taken mainly from newspapers of recent years as it was felt that this would acquaint the reader not only with the way this old militant tradition of the working class is maintained, but also introduce him to the contemporary scene of the struggle of the British workers.
May Day 1926: 100,000 workers marched in London on the eve of the General Strike in support of locked-out miners.
May Day 1937: Great contingents of striking London busmen joined the march, which also expressed solidarity with Spain and against fascism.
May Day 1949: The Labour Government banned the march in London, but 10,000 broke through police cordons to attend a Communist Party meeting.
May Days in the ’50s and ’60s saw the growing movement for peace and against the Tories.
In 1961, thousands of workers struck against Tory attacks on the Health Service and the Budget concession to surtax payers. In 1968, the May Day slogans of the Communist Party march through London were: “Unite and Act for a New Policy”, “Put People Before Profit” and “Britain Needs Socialist Change”. The banners demanded: “End the Wage Freeze — Stop the Closures”, “Elections — Keep Out the Tories with Labour and Communist Majorities”, and “National Independence for All — Outlaw Racism”.
May, 1968. May Day Marches in the Cities
Well attended May Day meetings and marches took place over the week-end in Britain’s principal cities. With their red flags fluttering and the band playing the Internationale, some 3,000 May Day marchers strode into London’s Hyde Park yesterday. Behind the banner of the London District Committee of the Communist Party, with its timeless slogan “Peace, Unity, Socialism”, the traditional parade was one of the gayest for years.
Hundreds of families, with children in pushchairs and around fathers’ necks, walked together in the sunlight from the Thames Embankment. With them were hundreds of trade unionists. There were postal workers with their slogan: “Public Servants, Not Public Slaves” and branches and districts of the engineers, railwaymen, electricians and vehicle builders. And for the first time this May Day, a banner of the new Association of Scientific, Technical and Managerial Staffs — the biggest scientific and technical union in the world.
At Hyde Park, where hundreds more people greeted the marchers, Mr Frank Stanley, secretary of the London District of the Communist Party, recalled that this year’s May Day march was being held on the 150th anniversary of the birth of Karl Marx. Mr John Gollan, general secretary of the Communist Party, in his speech thanked all those trade unionists and Labour Party members who were helping to keep the fighting tradition of May Day alive. Other speakers referred to the burning issues of the day.
Nottingham parade was headed by the banner of Nottingham Trades Council and its officials. Among the marchers were an 80-strong contingent of the Woodcraft Folk C.N.D. with banners on Polaris and a very colourful 70-strong contingent of the Communist Party and the Young Communist League.
Bristol: Over 60 members of the Bristol Communist Party and Young Communist League marched with banners through Bristol to the Downs. Headed by a loudspeaker playing marches, they arrived for an open-air meeting to the strains of the Internationale.
The Aberdare Communist Party held a May Day meeting on Saturday at which hundreds of shoppers heard Communist Party policy. Posters said: “May Day — ’68; No Racial Discrimination; Tax Wealth — End Wage Freeze”.
Leeds: Trades Council May Day was the biggest and most colourful for many years.
Belfast: Despite a downpour of rain, some 5,000 trade unionists took part in Belfast’s May Day march on Sunday.
(Morning Star)
May, 1969. May Day — Rehearsal for 24-hour Stoppage
The May Day strikes and demonstrations against the antitrade union legislation were an inspiration. The workers in their hundreds and thousands who downed tools deserve the thanks of the whole Labour movement ‘ for leading the way in the struggle to kill the anti-union Bill.
What took place on May 1 should be a dress rehearsal for a 24-hour national protest stoppage and a warning to the Government as to what will happen if it does not withdraw the Bill to fine or jail trade unionists for striking.
May Day 1969 occurs in the midst of this crisis.
While opposition to the Government at the moment is centred around the anti-trade union legislation, the issues are much wider than this. They boil down to the fact that a Labour Government has made the defence of Big Business the centfe of everything it does.
When the Government talks about modernizing and streamlining the economy, this boils down to more and more super-monopolies, enemies of democracy and the Labour movement, making super profits.
This is the main reason for the incomes policy and the attack on the unions. This is why there is no progress in tackling poverty while the rich thrive, for feeble pension increases accompanied by staggering increases in insurance contributions; why the nurses starve and Cabinet ministers are overweight.
(Morning Star)
May, 1970. Now Let Unions Go On to the Attack
For over 80 years now May Day has been recognized throughout the world as the workers’ day. It is the day on which workers throughout the world muster their strength, and demonstrate their determination to struggle to achieve the demands which happen to be particularly pressing and urgent.
Last year’s May Day in Britain broke new ground in two ways.
It was the largest-ever demonstration to be held on May 1 itself in addition to the traditional demonstrations on May l Sunday.
But it was more than a demonstration. It assumed the character of a national strike, involving hundreds of thousands of workers who downed tools in London and a number of other major cities.
It was the culmination of an unprecedented campaign directed against the Government’s intentions to put the clock back a century and more on trade-union rights. It was a high point in the continuous struggle of the trade] unions for the unfettered right to use the strike weapon ini furthering the interests of their membership.
It was a historic May Day not only in the role it played in achieving the immediate demand of retaining the sovereignity and independence of the unions.
Above all, the flexing of their muscles on May 1, 1969, and the victory achieved the following July, gave the workers of Britain a new sense of confidence and a deeper understanding that in a capitalist society one hour of action is : worth more than a thousand hours of argument and pleas for justice.
May Day 1971
May Day was marked in Britain with a mixture of celebration and protest. Main targets of protest were the Tories and their Industrial Relations Bill. In London Mr John Gollan, general secretary of the Communist Party, told a rally in Hyde Park that workers must be prepared again to use industrial action if the Bill is to be defeated. London - marchers carried posters celebrating international solidarity and demanding: End the Indo-China war; Free political prisoners in Greece and Spain; Release Angela Davis and the Soledad Brothers.