Voyage in a Little Boat
Category: Land + PeopleBy John Seymour
There is always something peculiarly good-looking about an artifact which has been evolved by practical men for a practical purpose over the centuries. Waggons, for example, or boats. When I first saw a Northumbrian coble I decided that I had got to have one, willynilly. And so, when I got one, I named her the Willynilly.
The Willynilly was built for me at Amble, in Northumberland; and when she was completed I sailed her south along the east coast of England to Orford, in Suffolk. As she was only a small open boat (twenty feet long) and had no engine and a very old-fashioned and inefficient sail, this took me nearly a month and I was forced to go into many of the small ports and fishing-harbours of the coast. Also, because cobles are built to land on open beaches, I landed on many beaches where there were already fishing-boats, and one or two where there were not. Further, for most of my voyage I was sailing slowly very close to the coast, in places a few yards from it; and this gave me a unique view of England as seen from her eastern sea.
Amble, which claims to be the most northerly port in England (I don’t know whether Berwick would dispute this claim) is certainly at the northern end of the Northumbrian coal field. It has an ancient tradition of ship- and boat-building, for within long living memory there was a fleet of twenty-two sailing-vessels there. How could there not be: a good harbour, with coalmines within a mile of it and fifteen miles of coalfield before the next harbour down south.
Amble is the point at which there is a dramatic change in the Northumbrian countryside. South of Amble is the Northumbrian coalfield. It is fairly level country, with pit-heads and open-cast mining everywhere, a few remnants of little stone-built mining-villages,and great modern brick housing- estates sprawling over the countryside. Only one thing redeems it from complete ugliness, and that is the little river valleys. These are not so much valleys as gorges. They cut sharply into the bleak and treeless countryside, their steep sides are clothed with trees and bushes, and torrents rush over the rocks of their narrow floors. One could imagine that the miners’ children use them as heaven-sent playgrounds in a pretty dreary world. These steep bosky valleys and the sea-shore itself are the redeeming features of this austere land. Where the brick flood has not spread, and where there are no mine-workings, the land is farmed, but it is rather a pathetic business. The little stone farmsteads stand there — sometimes not many yards from the throbbing pit-head works- looking much as they may have done for hundreds of years. But their grey stone walls are sooty. The sheep that graze near them are a dirty blackish grey. The cows look grimy — you would expect them to give black milk.
North of Amble there is an abrupt change. You still get a fairly low, not terribly dramatic, coastline. But gone are the mines. The country is real country, and very underpopulated. The farms seem large and prosperous, the land fertile: plenty of arable land growing good wheat and barley and sugar beet. Except for the occasional stone house and very occasional stone field-wall you might easily be in East Anglia. A sparser, more treeless East Anglia, perhaps; a country of castles. Warkworth itself has a superb castle. I strolled over to it from Amble — up the bank of the swift- flowing tidal Coquet. A new salmon-weir was being built across the Coquet, to retain water for the salmon to take the place of that extracted further up for a water-supply scheme. At Warkworth the river makes a perfect horse-shoe bend, and the little stone town is jumbled inside it. The river there, as is the custom of rivers in Northumberland, has cut itself a deep gorge. The castle itself, which is one of the most dramatic I have ever seen, straddles the neck of the horseshoe, so that the little town behind it was protected from all sides. The castle is “worm-eaten hold of ragged stone” of Shakespeare’s King Henry IV. The country rises as you go inland, and becomes the Cheviot Hills.
But I hadn’t gone there to go hill climbing, and as soon as my little boat was ready I set sail. Shortly south of there the wind dropped, the tide turned against me, and I had a very hard row to get into Blyth.
Blyth lies at the mouth of the River Blyth, as Amble does of the Coquet. But Blyth is a much bigger place. It has a large artificial harbour — the river-mouth has been canalized by a long retaining wall — and big colliers go in there to load coal.
I’m sure that Blyth is a most useful place, but it signally failed to attract me. It was pouring with rain most of the time that I was there, but really the town itself seemed to be about as devoid of beauty as any town I have ever seen. It is cut off from the countryside by enormous housing- estates of a dreariness that really passes belief: plenty of whimsical winding residential roads, laid out in a mad maze. All trace of the ancient port seems to have gone — and Blyth was an ancient coaling-port. Now 12,000-ton ships can load at Blyth and it is also a considerable shipbuilding place.
My next day’s sail took me to Newcastle. Newcastle itself is a large city, but if you combine it with all its adjoining cities, as it should be combined, because, geographically, they are really all one place, it is enormous. The Tyne is much narrower than the Thames in London, but it flows in the bottom of a steep-sided gorge, as the other north-eastern rivers do. As the sides of this gorge are heavily built up and industrialized, and as the river is spanned with many lofty bridges, and as ships come and go constantly down below, the centre of Newcastle, by the river, is an awe-inspiring place. Bang in the middle of the worst of the chaotic congestion of ship-yards, wharves, stone-built factories and mills there was a tiny open space — on a bank which had been found too steep and queerly shaped to build on. Here were several pigeon-houses, and a pigeon fancier stood there — nearly obscured by the smoky air — and called his pigeons home from the murky skies like a Hindu priest calling the sacred vultures. But I sailed on to Sunderland. Arriving early I went for a long walk. Crossing the bridge I came into the centre, which looks like any other industrial city centre, and then walked down to the docks. The dock area looks as if it has been devastated by bombs. No doubt much of it was. Now it is being devastated by bulldozers, and the people moved out to huge housing-estates and blocks of flats. Certainly the slums that are still left are as run-down as any slums I have ever seen in England. They have the real pre-war smack about them. Windows were mended with cardboard, filthy little children with no pants played in the gutter, women with bare legs and carpet-slippers sat gossiping in doorways.
Blown by what turned out to be a north-westerly gale I fled past Scarborough so quickly that I hardly noticed it. Scarborough must be built on one of the most impressive sites of any town in England. The Castle Hill, with its castle juts abruptly out to sea and shelters the harbour so completely from the north winds that you do not feel them at all. The town itself climbs up steep hillsides, and spans valleys. The little harbour is packed with fishing-boats, and the beaches with holiday-makers.
After two days I cut across the Humber and closed the Lincolnshire coast. This was quite straight, sandy all the way, with low-lying country beyond. The next day I left the low marshy coast and came to Cromer’s cliffs and sands. I beached at Cromer — helped by the famous Cromer crabbers who have a very different kind of surf-boat to the coble for their dangerous fishery. The next day’s sail was an epic one: forty miles in under six hours. I would not have believed that a small sailing-boat could go so fast. Yarmouth and the new atomic power-station at Sizewell just flashed by. And the next, and final, day of my voyage I sailed up the River Ore to Orford, where I live.
I got a new view of England on my voyage. For the first time I became aware of the size of it. England is not the tiny island most people say it is — if you don’t believe me try sailing down the length of it in a small sailing boat. It is a very large place.
From The Geographical Magazine, July, 1962.