COMMUNIST ELECTORAL TACTICS
Category: PoliticsWe come now to the electoral position of the Communist Party. Despite what we have said above about the need to reform the electoral system, this has to be discussed on the basis of the existing political situation and the electoral system now in force. It is as readers will readily agree one of the difficult and complex problems facing the Communist Party and those who share its socialist aims.
Dave Priscott’s article The Communist Party and the Labour Party {Marxism Today, January, 1974) dealt with the important contribution the Communist Party has niade in helping to unite the efforts of the left forces for progressive policies and to break the grip of the right wing leaders and their ideas in the Labour movement. He showed that the progress made in this direction in the industrial wing of the movement is due, in no small measure, to the policies, leadership and organizing work of Communists. In the political wing, this work is restricted by bans imposed nearly fifty years ago by leaders, many of whom were subsequently to desert the Labour movement to serve in the Conservative-led “National Government”.
If Communist policy and leadership has proved to be essential on the industrial field in the struggle to protect working class standards and organization, is it not still more necessary on the political field where the battles which have to be waged are of even greater complexity and consequently require greater clarity and determination in the leadership? Would not the presence of Communists in the House of Commons strengthen the left MPs who have battled for new policies? Communist MPs, through their links with the mass movement and the struggles outside Parliament would not only provide additional strength to the left, but would be the means of linking the extra-Parliamentary fight with activity in the House of Commons.
Since William Gallacher and Phil Piratin lost their seats in the 1950 election the fight to regain Communist representation has been a difficult one with very limited results.
The problem is not separate from the vicious anti-Communist campaign which had been conducted with great intensity for many years, often with the participation of prominent Labour and trade union leaders. In the last election, anti-Gommunism was the principal theme of the Tory campaign on platform and the media, reinforced by the acres of space purchased in the press by Aims of Industry. The undemocratic control of the media and the limited resources of the Communist Party prevented it from replying on an adequate scale to the slanders repeated daily against it. While the majority of the militant workers may have been unaffected, it would be an illusion to think it did not influence sections of the electorate and have some effect on the Communist vote.
If this were the sole barrier to Communist representation in Parliament the problem would be less complex, although it would still not be overcome easily or quickly. The heart of the question is the relationship between the overall political strategy of the Communist Party and the fight for votes and representation in the present political situation with its undemocratic electoral system.
The Communist Party’s aim in the election was to bring about the defёat of Heath and return a government committed by the pressure of the movement of Left policies. To many electors who agree with Communist policies and have a high appreciation of its work and trustworthiness of its candidates, the appeal to vote Communist appeared to conflict with this aim. They drew the conclusion that the need for a Labour Government meant voting Labour even where a Communist was standing in opposition to a candidate whose policies they disagreed with or whom they did not trust. The fact that the Communist Party contests only a limited number of constituencies, partly in the interests of unity and partly because of its limited resources, does not simplify matters. Indeed, it meant saying to a worker, “You vote Communist, but your workmate living in the next constituency where there is no Communist, should vote Labour”. This is a perfectly correct political position, albeit somewhat sophisticated, but in elections where issues tend to become highly sloganised, is not one which is easy to get across in a mass way through leaflets or brief discussions on the doorstep.
The task of the Communist Party must now be to work in such a way as to bring into being circumstances which will provide greater opportunities for electoral advance. This will bring about the changes in the relation of forces within the Labour movement and open up the possibility of left unity finding expression on the electoral field. It demands that we now conduct the battle for Communist votes with the skill and determination displayed on other fronts.
(Marxism Today, May, 1974)